Elasticity of Demand & Supply


The degree of "elasticity" refers to the amount of change produced in the demand or supply for a product as a result in the change in that product's price.

Demand example: we would say the demand for gasoline is "inelastic" because it's a necessity consumers will not give up quickly as a response to an increase in the price per gallon.

Supply example: we would say that the supply of land is "inelastic" because it's a fixed amount of space and no matter what the price change for real estate the change in supply will be moderate at best.

Activity

To better illustrate this point make a demand graph based on the following information:

Demand for Packs of Cigarettes vs. Tubs of Butter

Cigarettes

Price  Quantity Demanded
$1.00 175
$1.25 170
$1.50 165
$1.75 160
$2.00 155

Butter

Price  Quantity Demanded
$1.00 175
$1.25 150
$1.50 130
$1.75 80
$2.00 40

Questions:

1. Explain why the cigarettes are "inelastic" in demand compared to the butter.

2. If you were a city council person and wanted to find a way to raise tax revenues how could today's lesson give you ideas?